Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Central Processing Unit (CPU) ni ubwonko bwa mudasobwa, butunganya (processing) amakuru yose.

Ibice bya CPU

1.Control Unit (CU)

• Igenzura ibindi bice byose bya CPU.
• Itanga amabwiriza kubindi bice bya CPU.
• Iyobora uko amakuru agenda hagati muri CPU, RAM n'ibindi bice.

2.Alithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)

• Ikora imibare (guteranya, gukuramo, gukuba, kugabanya.
• Ikora ibikorwa bya logic.

3.Registers

• Ni ububiko buto cyane, buri imbere muri CPU.
• Bubika amakuru ari gukoreshwa ako kanya.
• Bworohera CPU, kuburebamo amakuri ari gukoreshwa kuruta RAM, Niyo mpamvu amakuru ari gukoreshwa ako kamwanya, ahita ajyanwa muri regiseters.
• Bukora vuba kurusha RAM.

4.Cache Memory

• Ni ububiko bwihuse cyane, buri hafi ya CPU.
• Bubika amakuru akoreshwa kenshi.
• Urugero: no mubuzima busanzwe, ikintu umuntu akunda gukenera cyangwa gukoresha, aracyiyegereza akagishyira hafi ye, aho kukigeraho bizajya bimworohera.
• Aha CPU nayo, amakuru ikoresha kenshi, iyabika muri cache memory kugirango niyongera kuyakenera, ntibiyigore, cyangwa ngo bifate igihe kinini iyageraho.
• Cache memory igabanya igihe cyari gukoreshwa na CPU, ikura amakuru muri RAM iyajyana muri registers.

5.Buses

Ni imiyoboro itwara amakurumuri CPU.

Amoko ya buses

• Data Buses: itwara amakuru (data).
• Address Buses: zitwara aderesi yaho amakuru avuye, naho agenewe kujya.
• Control Buses: zitwara amabwiriza n'ibindi bimenyetso, bigenzura uko ibindi bice bikoresha imiyoboro.

6.Clock

• Itanga umuvuduko CPU ikoreraho.
• Ipimwa muri GHz.
• Igenzura uko ibikorwa bikurikirana.

7.Cores

• Ni udu CPU duto tuba munzu ya CPU imwe.
• Zituma CPU ikora imirimo myinshi mugihe kimwe, kuko cores zigabana igikorwa kimwe kinini, buri cores igafata agace kayo, bityo igokorwa kikarangira vuba.
• Uko CPU igira cores nyinshi, ninako byongera umuvuduko ikoraho.